Valve gear



Sept. 19, 1933. H. G. MUELLER VALVE GEAR 6 Sheets-Sheet l Original Filed Oct. 13, 1928 A TTORNEYS.

Sept. 19, 1933.

H. G. MUELLER` VALVE GEAR Original Filed Oct. '15, 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 J W. k 1 .E Q 3 MMW @L mm f4 r Il@ I WMM mi ...Hf RW@ m. E m@ T 3 Il. 0N mw u@ 0N s. s. h f f .N o am@ f #N1 .NNIun u n .nml PEL N L S 2am \mn.m/ n A N. n. u u um re @l mw ma?.

Sept. 19, 1933.

H. G. MUELLER VALVE GEAR Original Filed Oct. 13, 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 SRD COHPRESSWN CLOSED BY am A TTORNEYS.

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Sept 19, '1933. .Y H. G. MUELLER 1,927,527

VALVE GEAR Original Filed Oct. 13, `19.28 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 -CorwResswN IN VEN TOR.

BY /vzwf A TTORNEYSL Sept. 19, 1933. H. G. MUELLER VALVE GEAR Original Filed Oct. 13. 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 xBLe- RNARD l u /l T l LlSEU k j kJ/ VAR FOR F0 `Cnn IOFF I N VEN TOR.

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Sept. 19, 1933. H G MUELLER 1,927,527

VALVE GEAR Original Filed Oct. 13, 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 F v Fume: .Q a 3 a Fuso Fog y l FR `Rzvuxse 4 V l im.: 4 VARmBLE VAR :ABLE

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Patented Sept. 1 9, 1933 UNITED .STATES PATENT OFFICE VALVE GEAR Herman G. Mueller, Erie, Pa., assigner to Skinner Engine Company, Erie, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application october 13, 192s, serial No. 312,359 Renewed June 21, 1933V 49 Claims.

The valve gear ofthe present invention is particularly advantageous in the handling of poppet valves. In my application, Serial Number 238,- 435, iiled Dec. 7th, 1927 I have illustrated and described a valve gear adapted tocontrol the inlet valve of a uniiiow engine and in my application, Serial Number 238,436, led Dec. '7,' 1927 I have provided this type of valve gear with reversing devices by means of which the engine may be readily reversed, the said valve gear being adapted and arranged more particularly for uniow engines and providing no special exhaustvalves. With very many situations exhaust valves are desirable. The present invention is designed to provide a valve gear involving mechanism suitable for exhaust valves. In carrying forward the invention these exhaust valves are o f the cam actuated type and in the preferred form adapted to operate in connection with the cam actuated -inlet valves disclosed in my previous application. In the broader aspects of the invention, the invention is capable of use with an tion, of a locomotive engine and valve gear operating parts.

Fig. 2 an enlarged section of one of the exhaust valves and its actuating mechanism.

Fig. 3 an enlarged section of one of the steam valves and its operative mechanism.

Fig. 4 a part of the reversing mechanism of the valve gear.

Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 show diagrammatical views of the inlet -valve controlling cams and valve connecting mechanism with the valve gear set at neutral.

Figs.I 5a, 6a, 7a, 8a, and 9a similar views of the exhaust valve controlling cams andvalve connecting mechanisms with the cam settings coinciding with Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the inlet valves respectively.

Fig. 10 an indicator diagram following a gear setting of the cams in the preceding Figures 55a to 9-9a.

Figs.. 11 to 15 show similar diagrammatical views of the inlet 'valve controlling cams and` valve connections with the valve gears set to early cut-oil. y

Figs. 11a to 15a inclusive the exhaust valve 60 controlling cams with a setting corresponding to the settings of the inlet cams in Figs. 11 to 15.

Fig. 16 an indicator diagram with the cam setting from Figs. 11-11a to Figs. 15--15a inclusive.

Figs. 1'I to 21 show'similar diagrammatical views of the inlet valve controlling cams and valve connections with the valve gear set temidcut-oil'.

Figs. 17a to 21a inclusive views of the valve 70 exhaust controlling cams with the valve connections, the cams corresponding in point of rotation with Figs. 17 to 21 respectively.

Fig. 22 an indicator diagram formed with a setting of the valve gear in the preceding Figures 1'7-17a to 21`-21a.

Figs. 23 to 26 inclusive show similar views of the inlet valve controlling cams and valve connections with the valve gear set to late cut-oil.

Figs. 23a to 26a similar views of the exhaust 80 valve controlling cams and connecting valves',v the cams being positioned to correspond to the cam positions of Figs. 23 to 26 respectively.

Fig. 27 an indicator diagram with the valve gear setting as indicated in Figs. 23-23a to 85 26-26a.

1 marks the saddle of the locomotive to which is attached the engine cylinders f2. Valve gear. chests 3 are arranged on the cylinders. Pistons 4 operate in the cylinders. Piston rods 5 extend 90 to cross heads 6, the cross heads operating on guides '7, the guides being supported by an engine cylinders.1 These steam chests are connected to steam inlets 10 leading from the locomotive boiler (not shown) Exhaust ports 11 lead to an exhaust passage l2 which is carried through the saddle and to the smoke box of the locomotive (not shown). The inlet valve 13 is of the double 10 poppet type. It operates on seats 14 and is provided with a stem 15. This stem extends through a guide sleeve 16. A spring 1'? operates directly on the valve to close the same. A sleeve 18 is slidingly mounted on the sleeve 16 and termimates in a cap 19 which is adapted to engage a cap 20 on the valve stem. A spring 21 is arranged around the sleeve 18 and operates against a shoulder 22 and the top plate of the gear case. 110 This tends to hold the sleeve 18 in the lower position. A rider lever is connected by a pin 26 with the sleeve 18. Rollers 27 arev arranged in the ends of the rider levers and these rollers operate on inlet valve controlling cams 28. The cams 28 are xed on shafts 29. The shafts 29 are mounted in bearings 30 in the gear case. There are two sets of cams 28 and exactly similar inlet valve mechanisms at each end of the cylinder, the cam setting at one end of the cylinder being opposite to that of the other end of the cylinder to properly time the cams. Gears 3l'are fixed on the ends of the shaft 29. These gears are of spiral form and mesh with gears 32. The gears 32 are slidingly mounted on a shaft 33 having a spline and groove connection with the shaft, the spline being indicated at 34, the spline and groove connection permitting the gears 32 to be moved axially on the shaft 33. A stop shoulder 35 is provided on the shaft 33 and between the gears 32, this shoulder forming a definite stop for these gears positioning them for the neutral position of the valve gears. Springs 36 are arranged between shoulders 37 on the shaft 33 and the outer ends of the gears 32. The inner ends lof the gears 32 are slightly reduced at 38 and a ring 39 is placed in the groove thus formed.

By moving either of the gears 32 axially away from the shoulder 35 the gear 31 and consequently its cams can be retarded from the neutral position leaving the cams of the opposite shaft in xed position and either of these gears 32 may be moved, one gear for the forward movement and the other gear for a reverse movement, the adiusted or variable cam in each instance determining the cut-off and the fixed cam determining the lead. It will be undertsood that this scheme of gearing, cams and shafts, is arranged in the gear chest for each cylinder. A gear 40 is fixed on the shaft 33 and meshes with a gear 41. The gear 41 is fixed on a shaft 42 which extends from one valve mechanism to the other. The shaft 42 is carried in bearings 43. These bearings are carried in rock arms 44, the lower ends of the rock arms being provided with bearings 45 rotatively mounted on the ends of the shafts 33. Springs 46 crowd the rock arms toward the front of the locomotive and these springs are adjusted by set screws 47.

A gear 48 is fixed on the shaft 42 and is driven by a chain 49. The chain 49 is driven from a gear 50 and the gear 50 is fixed on one of the locomotive axles 51 and is thus driven from the engine, the connecting rod 6a operating on a companion axle (not shown) which axle is connected by mechanism (not shown) with the axle 51 making this connection.

A fork 52 has its ends swiveled on trumlions 53. The fork is xed on a rock shaft 54 and this rock shaft is carried in bearings 55 in the valve gear case. A rock arm 56 is fixed on the upper end of the rock shaft 54 and the rock arms 56 for each side of the locomotive are connected by a link 57. The rock arm 56 at one side has a bell crank extension 58 from which the control rod 59 of the locomotive extends. It will be seen, therefore, as the control rod 59 is operated the rock shafts 54 at each side of the locomotive are simultaneously operated, thus controlling both cylinders. It will readily be seen that through the action of the control rod the rock arm 58 is swung and with it the forks 52 `so as to move one or the other of the gears 32 away from the shoulder 35 so as to advance the cut-olf and control the movement of the engine in forward or reverse direction. Exhaust valves 60 0f the double port type are arranged at each end of each cylinder. Each exhaustvalve has a stem 6l which extends through a sleeve 62. Springs 63 tend to close the valve. A sleeve 64 is slidngly mounted on the sleeve 62 and has a head 65 operating on a head 66 on the stem 61 to lift the valve. A spring 67 tends to-return the sleeve. A rider lever 68 is connected by a pin 69 with the sleeve 64. The lever is provided with rollers '70 which operate on exhaust cams 71 fixed on the shafts 29. In the operation of the inlet valves the lift of the valve is accomplished only when the high surfaces of both cams are brought under the rollers 25 but in connection with the exhaust cams the valve is opened when the high surface of either cam is brought under a roller and is given its maximum lift when both exhaust cams operate under the rollers.

In forming a cam mechanism of this type, particularly for exhaust valves which must be closed through a greater part ofthe stroke it would be diiicult to form cams of the type used with the inlet valve that would accomplish the proper sequence of movements. This is particularly true if the effort is made to directly connect and fix the exhaust cams with the corresponding inlet cams. It is desirable to have a late release throughout the cut-off range of the valve and it is also desirable to have a variable compression point so that with a short cut-off with an ordinary correspondingly higher speed of the engine an earlier compression point may be established. This problem of such a` cam hook-up is complicated where the same cams are used for reversal in that the advancingrof the point of compression with the earlier cut-os should proceed through the action of the same cams in both directions. This is accomplished in the present mechanism by making the compression and release points on the stroke coincident with the valve in neutral. This is possible because with a movement of the valve gear in either direction to establish a lead opening will also throw the variable exhaust cam so that the point of release will be suflciently late to operate successfully with the early cut-off. In the present invention the ideal timing for both exhaust and inlet valves is accomplished with a direct and positive movement of the mechanisms without the introduction of lost motion devices to take careA of variations in the timing incident to the reverse of the valve gear.

In order that this shaping and operation of the cams may be understood I have shown diagrammatically the various positions of the inlet with corresponding positions of the exhaust cams and corresponding positions of the valves at each of the critical points in the cycle of the engine. This is illustrated in Figs. 5 to27a inclusive. In these diagrams I have shown the cams as located for a forward direction in solid lines and as shown for a reverse direction in dotted lines. I have indicated the position of the cranks utilizing the center of one-of the inlet cams as a center for'the crank, the position of the crank with a forward movement of the engine being indicated in solid lines and the position of the crank with the engine in reversed relation to the dotted cams in dotted lines. .With a forward movement of the cam setting the valve controlling inlet cams at the left are fixed, that is to say, the gear 32 (see Fig., 4) at the left Iis against the shoulder 35 whereas the gear 32,at the right is moved to vary the cam at the right in these illustrative figures. In reverse, or as to the dotted cams'exactly the lreverse is true, that is to say the gear 32 at the right remains against the shoulder' and the gear 32 at the left is moved to effect variations in the valve action. In each case, as in my former application, the fixed cam controls `the lead point, or the opening point of the valve. application is actually xed but maybe slightly varied for purposes of lead,if desired, as indicated in my former application. The variable cam in each instance controls the 4point of cutoff. As the high surface of the cam at the -left approaches its roller this will correspond to the lead point whereas the point at which the roller rides off the high surface of the cam to the right will indicate the point of cut-off. i

In Fig. 5 the crank is at the ordinary lead point. It will be noted, however, that the roller on the variable cam is nearly oi the high surface.

In Fig. 6 which represents this zerocut-ofl the roller on the variable cam at the right is passing off the high spot as the rolleron the xed cam is moving up to the high spot. Thusthe two cams are neutralized and there is no opening of the valve at this neutral position.

In Fig. 7a the matter of significance relates to the exhaust valve. Y It vwill be notedthat here the variable cam at this position controls the point of release and the lift on the cam is about to operate on the roller` to open the exhaust valve. Avpoint of release as earlyas this in the action of the valve would, ofcourse, be ordimaximum lift. theexhaust movements of the valve in most` narily impractical but by the time there is an elective point of cut-01T of the inlet valve the variable cam has been shifted to retard the point of cut-01T. It has also retarded the release position to a satisfactory point. The recognition of this possibility is one of the important featuresof my invention. i

In Fig. 8a it will be noted that both thehigh surfaces of the cams are operating on the rollers simultaneously, thus giving to the valve its There is, therefore, in each of positions a stepped lifting of the valve.

JIn Fig. 9a I have shown the compression point, or closing point of the' exhaust valve.` This is controlled in the early points of cut-off by the iixed cam and the significant point here in relation to the position shown in Fig. 7a is that the release and compression points are at the same point on the stroke with the valve gear at neutral. This is desirable in that from the valve gear in neutral these points are advanced, or retarded, starting from exactly the same point in either direction.

In Fig. 10 I have projected on the diagram the various critical points in the operationof the valves showing the cylinder fluid pressures in the usual manner.

In the diagrams from Fig. l1 to Fig. 16, I have shown a valve gear at an early point of cut-oil and with the same critical positions as are used in the series of Figs. 5 to 10.

In Fig. l1, it will be noted, that the variable cam has been moved from that shown in Fig. 5 to retard the cut-off and in Fig. 12 the parts' have advanced to the point of cut-off.

In'Fig. 13a the exhaust cams are shown at the point of release. Observing the crank position in Fig. 13 it will be noted that this point lof release is so retarded as to bein a late part of the stroke as it should be.

This, asspeciflcally shown in this- 'also indicated in Fig. 26a coincident with the iead 110 engine valve; two cams, one of which is adjust- The other point of interest is found in Fig. 15a which indicates the compression point which up to this point of cut-off has remained constant at the original point on the stroke being controlled up to this point by the xed exhaust cam.

In the series of Figs. 17 to 22,- I have shown the valve gear set to mid-cut-off. The head and cutoi diagrams indicate a mere advance/of the cutoff positions but as to the exhaust cams there is a significant relation established. l

In Fig. 19 which is the point of release it will be noted that the variable cam has reached a position corresponding to that of the fixed cam so that the operation on the rollers of the rider is simultaneous by the two cams and the valve is immediately lifted to its wide opening, thus giving an immediate and full exhaust for this late cut-off.

As indicated in Fig.V 21a the compression still takes place at the moment the roller rides o the high surface of the xed cam and the compression, therefore, is still at the original point of the stroke, the various points being clearly indicated by the diagram of Fig. 22.

In Figs. 23 to 27 the valve gear isvadvanced 100 to late cut-off. It will be noted that the lead point still remains constant, as shown in Fig. 23, this being controlled by the fixed cam and that the two inlet controlling cams are of such length that the valve is retained in its open 105 position throughout practically the entire stroke. It will also be noted that the release point's coincident with the late point of cut-off as indicated in Fig. 24a. Thecompression point is point lof the inlet valve. This may be observed by comparing Fig. 23a withFig. 26a, or Fig. 23 with Fig. 26. The point of signicance to observe here is that with a further movement of the variable exhaust valve from that shown in Fig. 17a to Fig. 21a the critical action of the cams is reversed and the variable cam controls the compression while the xed cam controls the release. The point of release, therefore, remains practically at the end of the stroke while the compression point is varied as the cut-off is retarded until at the point of full cut-off, as indicated in this last set of diagrams, the compression point is practically at the end of the stroke and coincident with the lead point. It will be observed,`therefore, that this arrangementof the exhaust cams which thus varies their controlling action makes it possible to obtain this ideal condition without lost motion devices and with the exhaust and inlet cams hooked up by direct connections and that exactly .the same controlling shafts which may be handled to give the ideal distribution through the inlet cams also may be utilized to. give the ideal cam arrangement for the control of the exhaust and the reversing is accomplished merely by changing the xed and variable cams.

What I claimI as new iszv 1. In a vvalve gear, the combination ocf an engine exhaust valve; two cams, one of which is adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the rider and the valve; and meansv driven by the engine driving the cams, said cams being timed tomake the release and compression points identical with the gear at neutral.

2. In a valve gear, the combination of an able; a rider on said cams responsive to the com- 15p.

bined action. of said cams a connection between therider and the valve; and means driven by the engine driving and timing the cams with the adjustable cam controlling the opening of the valve and the other the closing of the valve at one adjustment of the adjustable cam and the adjustable cam the closing and the other the opening of the valve at another adjustment of the adjustable cam.

3. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two cams, one of which is adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of said cams; a connection between the riderv and the valve; and means driven by the engine driving and timing the cams with the adjustable cam controlling the opening of the valve and the other the closing of the valve at one adjustment of the adjustable cam and the adjustable cam the closing and the other the opening of the valve at another adjustment of the adjustable cam.

4. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two cams, one of which is adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of said cams; a connection betwen the rider and the valve; and means driven by the engine driving and timing the cams With the adjustable cam controlling the point of release and the other cam the point of compression at the early points of cut-off and the adjustable cam controlling the point of compression and the other cam the point of release at the later points of cut-oir.

5. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine valve; two cams driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; and a. connection between the valve and rider, said cams having high and low surfaces opening the valve with the rider on one of either of the high surfaces at diierent adjustments of the adjustable cam.

6. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine valve; two cams driven by the engine, one

of which is adjustable; a rider on said cams re-I sponsive to their combined action; and a connection between the valve and rider, said cams having high and low surfaces opening the valve with the rider on one of either of the high surfaces and the high surfaces of both cams acting through part of their movement simultaneously on the rider.

7. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two cams driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; and a connection between the valve and rider, said cams having high and low surfaces opening the valve with the rider on one of either of the high surfaces at different adjustments of the adjustable cam.

8. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two cams driven by the engine, one of which'is adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; and a connection between the valve and rider, said cams having high and low surfaces opening the valve with the rider on one of either of the high surfaces at different adjustments of the adjustable cam and the high surfaces of both cams acting through part of their movement simultaneously on the rider.-

9. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine valve; two cams driven by the engine, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for one direction and the other adjustable for the other direction of movement of the engine; means for adjusting said cams for reversing the engine; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of said cams; and a connection between the rider and the valve, the adjustable cam in' both directions controlling the opening of the valve and the other the closing of the valve at one adjustment of the adjustable cam and the adjustable cam the closing and the other cam the .opening of the valve at another adjustment of the cams.

10. In a. valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two cams driven by the engine, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustablefor one direction and the other adjustable for the other direction of movement of the engine; means for adjusting said cams for reversing the engine; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of said cams; and a connection between the rider and the valve, the adjustable' cam in both directions controlling the opening of the valve and the other the closing of the valve at one adjustment of the adjustable cam and the adjustable cam the closing and the other cam the opening of the valve at another adjustment of the cams.

11. In a valve gear, the combinationof an engine exhaust valve; two cams driven by the engine, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for one direction and the other adjustable for the other direction of movement of the engine; means for adjusting said cams for reversing the engine; a rider on said cams respon-- sive to the combined action of said cams; anda connection between the rider and the valve, the adjustable cams in each direction controlling the release and the other cam the. compression with the valve gear set for early points of cutoff and the adjustable cam cont-'911mg the point of compression and the other cam the point of release with the valve gear set for late points of cut-off.

12. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two cams, botn of said cams being adjustable one for one direction of the engine and the other for the reverse direction; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the rider and the valve; means driven by the engine driving the cams said cams being timed to make the release and compression points identical with the valve gear at neutral; and reversing devices varying one or the other of said cams forforward or re-I verse action on the valve.

13. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine valve; two cams driven by the engine, both of which are adjustable; a rider on `said cams responsive to their combined action; a

valve connected with the rider, said cams having high and low surfaces and opening the valve with the rider on one of either of the high surfaces with different adjustments of either cam;

and reversing devices varying one or the other of said cams for forward or reverse action on the valve.

14. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two cams driven by the engine, both of which are adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a valve connected with the rider, said cams having high and low surfaces and opening the valve with the rider on one of either of the high surfaces with diiferent adjustments of either cam; and reversing devices varying one or the other of said cams for forward or reverse action on the valve.

15. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; anengine inlet valve; two exhaust controlling cams driven by the engine; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of the cams; a connection between the rider and the exhaust valve; two inlet controlling cams driven by the engine; means connecting said cams in pairs, each pair comprising an inlet controlling cam and a connected exhaust controlling cam; a rider on the inlet controlling cams and responsive to their combined action; and a connection between the last named rider and the inlet valve.

1 6. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; an engine inlet valve; two exhaust controlling cams driven by the engine;` a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of the cams; a connection between the rider and the exhaust valve; two inlet controlling cams driven by the engine; means connecting said cams in pairs, each pair comprising an inlet controlling cam and a fixedly connected exhaust controlling cam; a rider on the inlet controlling cams and responsive to their combined action; and a connection between the last-named rider and the inlet valve.

17. In a valve gear, -the combination of an engine exhaust valve an engine inlet valve two exhaust controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable; a rider on saidcams responsive to the combined action of the cams; a connection between the rider and the exhaust valve; two inlet controlling valves driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable; means connecting said cams in pairs, the adjustable cams being in one pair and the remaining cams in the other pair; la rider on the inlet controlling cams and responsive-to their combined action; and a connection between the last-named rider and the inlet valve.

18. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; an engine inlet valve; two

exhaust controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to'the combined action of the cams; a connection between the rider and the exhaust valve; two inlet controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable; means connecting said cams in pairs, the adjustable cams being in one pair and the remaining cams in the other pair; a rider on the inlet controlling cams and responsive to their combined action; and a connection between the last-named rider and the inlet valve.

19. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; an engine inlet valve; two exhaust controlling cams driven by the engine; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action ofthe cams; a connection between the rider and the exhaust valve; two inlet controlling cams driven by the engine; a rider on the inlet controlling cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the lastnamed rider and the inlet valve; means connecting said cams in pairs, each pair comprising an inlet controlling cam and an exhaust controlling cam; and means driven by the engine driving said cams, said cams being timed to make the release and compression points of the exhaust valve identical with the valve gear at neutral.

20. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; an engine inlet valve; two exhaust controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of the cams;

a connection between the rider and the exhaust valve; two inlet controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable; means connecting said cams -in pairs, each pair comprising an inlet controlling cam and an exhaust controlling cam; a rider on the inlet controlling cams and responsive to their combined action; and a connection between ther last-named rider Vand the inlet valve, the adjustable cam controlof the adjustable exhaust controlling cam.

21. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of said cams; a connection between the rider and the valve, the adjustable cam controlling the point of release andthe other cam the point of compression at the early points of cut-o and the adjustable cam controlling the point of compression and the other cam the point; of release at the later points of. cut-off; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controllingcams; a rider on said cams; and a connection between the rider and the inlet valve, an exhaust valve controlling cam being connected with aninlet controlling cam.

22.` In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between-the valve and rider, said cams having high and low surfaces opening the valve with the rider onone or the other of the high surfaces; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable; means connecting said cams in' pairs, each pair comprising an inlet controlling and exhaust controlling cam; a rider on said inlet valve controlling cams; and a connection between the rider and the inlet valve, said inlet valve controlling cams having high and low surfaces opening the inlet v alve only Whenthe rider is on both high surfaces.

23. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is xed and the other adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the valve and rider, the xed cam controlling the compression point at early cut-olf and the adjustable cam the release and the flxed cam controlling the point of release at late cut-aff and the adjustable cam the compression; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams driven by the engine in timed relation with the exhaust valve controlling cams, one of saidinlet controlling valve cams being iixed relatively to the lead point and the other of said inlet controlling valve cams being adjustable, the xed inlet controlling valve cam controlling the lead and the adjustable inlet controlling valve 1 cam controlling the cut-oir; a rider on said inlet valve controlling cams; and a connection between cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the valve and rider, the fixed cam controlling the compression point at early cut-off and the adjustable cam the release and the fixed cam controlling the point of release at late cut-off and the adjustable cam the compression; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams driven by the engine, one of said inlet controlling valve cams being fixed relatively to the lead point and the other of said inlet controlling valve cams being adjustable, the fixed inlet controlling valve cam controlling the lead an"v the adjustable inlet controlling valve cam controlling the cut-off, said inlet controllin'; cams being connected with the exhaust valve contolling cams; a rider on said inlet valve controlling cams; and a connection between the 'Jlder and said inlet valve. y

25. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is fixed and the other adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the valve and rider, the fixed cam controlling the compression point at early cutoff and the adjustable cam the release and the xed cam controlling the point of release at late cut-off and the adjustable cam the compressich; an inletvalve; two inlet valve controlling cams driven by the engine, one of said inlet valve controlling cams being fixed relatively to the lead point and the other of said inletvalve controlling cams being adjustable, the flxed inlet controlling valve cam controlling the lead and the adjustable inlet controlling valve cam controlling the cut-off; a rider on said inlet valve controlling cams; and a connection between the rider and said inlet valve, said fixed inlet valve controlling cam being in fixed connection with the fixed exhaust valve controlling camand the adjustable inlet controlling cam being in fixed connection with the adjustable exhaust valve controlling cam.

26. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, both of said cams being adjustable, one for forward direction of the engine and the other for the reverse direction; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the rider and the valve; an inlet valve; two inlet controlling valve cams driven by the engine in timed relation with the exhaust valve controlling cams, both of said cams being adjustable, one for a forward direction of the engine and the other for the reverse direction; a rider on said inlet controlling valve cams responsive to theircombined action; a connection between said last-mentioned rider and the inlet valve; and common reversing devices Varying one or the other of said inlet and exhaust controlling cams for forward or reverse actions of the valves.

27. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, both of said cams being adjustable. one for forward direction of the engine and the otherl for the reverse direction; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the rider and the valve; an inlet valve; two inlet controlling valve cams driven by the engine, both of said cams being adjustable, one for a forward direction of the engine and the other for the reverse direction; a rider on said inlet controlling valve cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between said last-mentioned rider and the inlet valve; and reversing devices varying one or the other of said inlet and exhaust controlling cams for forward or reverse actions of the valves, an exhaust valve controlling cam being connected with eachA inlet controlling cam. t

28. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, both of' said cams being adjustable, one for forward direction of the engine and the other for reverse direction; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the rider and the valve; an inlet valve; two inlet controlling valve cams driven by the engine, both of said cams being adjustable, one for a forward direction of the engine and the other for the reverse direction; a rider on said inlet controlling valve cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between said last-mentioned rider and the inlet valve; and reversing devices varying one or the other of said inlet and exhaust controlling cams for forward or reverse actions of the valves, an exhaust valve controlling cam being xedly connected with each inlet controlling cam.

29. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward direction and the other adjustable for reverse direction; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of said cams; a connection between the rider and the exhaust valve, the adjustable cam for each direction controlling the opening of the valve and the other the closing of the valve at one adjustment of the adjustable cam and the adjustable cam the closing and the other cam the opening of the valve at 'another adjustment of the cam; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward movement and the other adjustable for a reverse movement; a driving connection between said inlet valve controlling cams and the engine driving said cams in timed relation with the exhaust valve controlling cams, a rider on said inlet valve controlling cams; a connection between the lastnamed rider and the valve; and reversing devices operating on the adjustable cams for forward or reverse actions.

30. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, both ofwhich are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward direction and the other adjustable for reverse direction; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of said cams; a connection between the rider and the exhaust valve, the adjustable cam for each direction controlling the opening of the valve and the other the closing Aof the valve at one adjustment of the adjustable cam and the adjustable cam the closing and the other cam the opening of the valve at another adjustment of the cam; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward movement and the other adjustable for a reverse movement; a rider on said inlet valve controlling cams; a connection between Athe last-named rider and the valve; and reversing devices operating on the adjustable cams for forward or reverse actions, an exhaust valve controlling cam being connected with each inlet controlling cam.

31; In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for a forward motion and the other'adjustable for reverse; a'rider on said cams responsive to` the combined action of the cams; a connection between the rider andthe cams, the adjustable cam in each direction controlling the release and the other cam the compression with the valve gear set at early points of cut-off and the adjustable cam controlling the point of compression and the other cam the point of release with the valve gear set at late points of cut-ofi; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward motion and the other for reverse, the` adjustable inlet cam controlling the point of cuto' and the other inlet valve controlling cam controlling the lead; a driving connection between said inlet valve controlling cams and the engine driving said cams in timed relation with the exhaustvalve controlling cams and reversing devices varying one-or the other of the exhaust valve controlling cams and inlet valve controlling cams for forward or reverseaction on the valve.

32. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine,.both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for a forward motion and the other adjustable for reverse; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of the cams; a connection be- .tween the rider and the cams, the adjustable cam in eacn direction controlling the release and the other cam the compression with the valve gear set at'early points of cut-off and the adjustable cam controlling the point of compression and the other cam the point of release with the valve gear set at late points of cut-off; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward motion and the other for reverse, thel adjustable inlet cam controlling the point of cutoff and the other inlet valve controlling cam controlling the lead; and reversing devices varying one or the other of the exhaust valve controlling cams and inlet valve controlling cams for forward or reverse action on the valve, an exhaust valve controlling cam being connected with each inlet controllingcam.

33. In a valve gear, the vcombination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve con# trolling cams driven by the engine, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for a forward-motion and the other adjustable for reverse; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action 'of the cams; a connection between the rider and the cams. the adjustable cam in each direction controlling the release and the other cam the compression with the valve gear set at early points of cut-o and the adjustable cam controlling the point of compression and the other cam the point of release vwith `the valve gear set at late points of cut-off; an

inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward motion and the other for reverse, the adjustable inlet cam controlling the point of cut-ofi and the other inlet valve controlling cam controlling the lead; and reversing devices varying one or the other of the exhaust valve controlling cams and inlet valve controlling cams for forward or reverse action on the valve, an exhaust valve controlling cam being lixedly connected with each `inlet controlling cam.

34a-In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, both of said cams being adjustable, one for one direction of the engine and the other for the reverse direction; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the rider andthe valve, the cams being timed to make the release and compression points identical with the valve gear at neutral; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward movement and the other being adjustable for reverse, the adjustable inlet valve controlling cam controlling the point of cut-off and the other inlet valve controlling cam controlling the lead; a driving connection between said inlet valve controlling cams and the engine driving said cams in timed relation with the exhaust valve controlling cams and reversing devices varying one or the other of said exhaust valve controlling cams and the inlet controlling cams for forward or reverse action on the valve.

35. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven bythe engine, both of said cams being adjustable, one for one direction of the engine and the other for the reverse direction; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between `the rider `'and the valve, the cams being timed to make the release and compression points identical with the valve gear at neutral; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward movement and the other being adjustable for reverse, the adjustable inlet valve controlling cam controlling the point of cut-olf and the other inlet valve controlling cam controlling the lead; and reversing devices varying one or the other of said exhaust valve controlling cams and inlet controlling cams for forward or reverse action on the valve, an exhaust valve controlling cam being connected with each inlet valve controlling cam.

36.1111 a valve gear, the combination of an 1 engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve conadjustable, one being adjustable for forward movement and the other being adjustable for reverse, the adjustable inlet valve controlling cam controlling the'point of cut-olf and the other inlet valve controlling cam controlling the lead;

and reversing devices varying one or the other of said exhaust valve controlling cams and inlet controlling cams for forward or reverse action on the valve, an exhaust valve controlling cam being xedly connected with each inlet valve controlling cam.

' 37. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine vexhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward movement and the other adjustable for reverse; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the rider and the exhaust valve, said cams having high and low surfaces and opening the valve with the rider on one of either of the high surfaces; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward movement and the other for reverse; a driving connection between said inlet valve controlling cams and the engine driving said cams in timed relation with theexhaust valve controlling cams and reversing devices varying one or the other of said exhaust valve controlling cams and one or the other of the inlet valve controlling cams for forward or reverse action on the valve.

38. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward movement and the other adjustable for reverse; a rider or said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the rider and the exhaust valve, said cams having high and low surfaces and opening the valve with the rider on one of either of the high surfaces; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward movement and the other for reverse; a driving connection between said inlet valve controlling cams and the engine driving said cams in timed relation with the exhaust valve controlling cams and reversing devices varying one or the other of saidexhaust valve controlling cams and one or the other of the inlet valve controlling cams for forward or reverse action on the valve, said inlet valve controlling cams having high and low surfaces and opening the valve only with the rider on both high surfaces,

39. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable, saidcams having their axes spaced apart; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of said cams; a connection between the rider and the valve, the adjustable cam controlling the point of release and the other cam the point of compression at the early points of cut-off and the adjustable cam controlling the point of compression and the other cam the point of release at the later points of cut-off; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams, said cams having their axes in alinement with the axes of the exhaust valve controlling cams; a rider on said cams; and a connection between the rider and the inlet valve, an exhaust valve controlling cam being connected with each inlet controlling cam.

40.111 a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of said cams; a connection between the rider and the valve, the adjustable cam controlling the point of release and the other cam the point of compression at the early points of cut-off and the adjustable cam controlling the point of compression and the other cam the point of release at the later points of cut-off; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams; a rider on said cams; and a connection between the rider and the inlet valve, said cams having their axes spaced apart, an exhaust valve controlling cam being xedly connected with each inlet controlling cam.

41. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the valve and rider, said cams having high and low surfaces opening the valve with the rider on one or the other of the high surfaces; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is adjustable; a rider on said inlet valve controlling cams; and a connection between the rider and the inlet valve, said inlet valve controlling cams having high and low surfaces opening the inlet valve when the rider is on both high surfaces, said exhaust valve controlling cams and inlet valve controlling cams being arranged with their axes spaced apart, an exhaust valve controlling cam being connected with each inlet controlling cam.

42. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, one of which is fixed and the other adjustable; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the valve and rider, the xed cam controlling the compression point at early cut-off and the adjustable cam the release and the xed cam controlling the point of release at late cut-olf and the adjustable cam the compression; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams driven by the engine, one of said inlet valve controlling cams being fixed relatively to the Iead point and theother of said inlet controlling valve cams being adjustable, the fixed inlet controlling valve cam controlling the lead and the adjustable inlet valve controlling cam controlling the cut-off, said inlet controlling cams being connected with the exhaust valve controlling cams, in pairs, each pair ,comprising an exhaust valve controlling cam and an inlet valve controlling cam, the axes of said pairs being spaced apart; a rider on said inlet valve controlling cams; and a connection between the rider and said inlet valve.

43. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, both of said cams being adjustable, one for forward direction of the engine and the other for the reverse direction; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the rider and the valve; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams driven by the engine, both of said earns being adjustable, one for a forward direction of the engine and the other for the reverse direction; a rider on said inlet valve controlling cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between said last-mentioned rider and the inlet valve; and reversing devices "varying yone or the other of said inlet and exhaust controlling.

cams for forward or reverse actions4 of the valves, an exhaust valve controlling cam being connected with each inlet controlling cam, the axes of the exhaust valve controlling cams and the inlet valve controlling cams being spaced apart.

44. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward direction and the other adjustable for reverse direction; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of said cams; a connection between the rider and the exhaust valve, the adjustable cam for each direction controlling the opening of the valve and the other the closing of the valve at one adjustment of the adjustable cam and the adjustable cam the closing and the other cam the opening of the valve at ani other adjustment of the cam; an inlet valve;

two inlet valve controlling cams, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward movement and the other adjustable for a reverse movement; a rider on said inlet valve controlling cams; a connection between the lastnamed rider and the valve; and reversing devices operating on the adjustable cams for forward or reverse actions, said cams being arranged in pairs, each pair comprising an exhaust valve controlling cam and a connected inlet controlling cam, the axes of said pairs being spaced apart.

45. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for a forward motion and the other adjustable for reverse; a rider on said cams responsive to the combined action of the cams; a connection between the rider and the cams, the adjustable cam in each direction controlling the release and the other cam the compression` with the valve gear set at early points of cut-off and the adjustable cam controlling the point of compression and the other cam the point of release with the valve gear set at late points of cut-o; an inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams,.both of which 'are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward motion and the other for reverse, the adjustable inlet cam controlling the point of cuto` and the other inlet valve controlling cam controlling the lead; and reversing devices varying one or the otheroof the exhaust valve controlling cams and inlet valve controlling cams for forward or reverse action on the valve, said. cams being arranged in pairs, each pair comprising an exhaust valve controlling cam and a connected inlet controlling cam, the axesof said pairs being spaced apart.

46. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controlling cams driven by the engine, both of said cams being adjustable, one fory one direction of the engine and the other for the reverse direction; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the rider and the valve; means driven by the engine driving the cams, said cams being timed to make the release and compression points identical with the valve gear at neutral; an inlet valve; twoinlet valve controlling cams, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward` movement and the other being adjustable for reverse, the adjustable inlet valve controlling cam controlling the point of cut-off and the other inlet valve controlling cam controlling the lead; and reversing devices varying one or the other of said exhaust valve controlling cams and inlet controlling cams for forward or reverse action on the valve, said cams being arranged in pairs, each pair comprising an exhaust valve controlling Acam and a xedly connected inlet valve controlling cam, the axes of said pairs being spaced apart.

47. In a valve gear, the combination of an engine exhaust valve; two exhaust valve controi- .ling cams driven bythe engine, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward movement and the other adjustable for reverse; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the rider and the exhaust valve, said cams having high and low surfaces and opening the valve with the rider on one of either of the high surfaces with different adjustments of either cam; an' inlet valve; two inlet valve controlling cams, both of which are adjustable, one being adjustable for forward movement and the other for reverse; and reversing devices varying one or the other of said exhaust valve controlling cams and of the inlet valve controlling cams for forward or reverse action on the valve, said inlet valve controlling cams having high-and low surfaces and opening the valve only with the rider on both high surfaces, an exhaust valve controlling cam being connected with an inlet valve controlling cam, said exhaust valve controlling cams and inlet controlling cams having their axes spaced apart.

48. In a valve gear, the combination of two valve actuating cams; a rider on said cams responsive to their combined action; a connection between the rider and the valve; driven spiral gears actuating said cams; a cross shaft; driving spiral gears on said cross shaft, said driving spiral gears being locked against rotation on the cross shaft; a movable axle thereon; and means moving'either of the spiral gears to ad- Vance one or the other of the cams 'for forward, 120

having spaced axes; a rider for each pair of cams responsive to the combined action of the 12 cams of said pair; connections between the riders and the valves; and means driven by the engine driving said cams in timed relation.

HERMAN G. MUELLER. 

